Anonymous
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Search
Editing
Acetylcholinesterase
(section)
From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history
Namespaces
Page
Discussion
More
More
Page actions
Read
Edit
Edit source
History
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
==Inhibitors== Aceytlcholinesterase inhibitors inhibit acetylcholinesterase from breaking down [[acetylcholine]], resulting in higher circulating levels of the [[neurotransmitter]]. They are used to treat [[myasthenia gravis]] and [[postural orthostatic tachycardia]], and to improve [[cognitive dysfunction|cognitive function]] in [[Alzheimer's disease]]<ref name="ageing2006">{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1093/ageing/afl027| issn = 0002-0729| volume = 35 | issue = 4| pages = 336–338| last = Tabet | first = N.| title = Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer’s disease: anti-inflammatories in acetylcholine clothing!| journal = Age and Ageing| access-date = 2016-11-09| date = 2006-07-01| url = http://ageing.oxfordjournals.org/content/35/4/336 | pmid = 16788077}}</ref> and [[Parkinson's disease]]. === Examples of potential therapeutic inhibitors === Compounds which function as reversible competitive or noncompetitive inhibitors of cholinesterase are those most likely to have therapeutic uses. These include: * [[Tetrahydrocannabinol]], the main active ingredient in [[cannabis]] is a competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase<ref name="marijuana2006">{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1021/mp060066m| issn = 1543-8384| volume = 3 | issue = 6| pages = 773–777| last1 = Eubanks | first1 = Lisa M. | last2 = Rogers | first2 = Claude J. | last3 = Beuscher | first3 = Albert E. | last4 = Koob | first4 = George F. | last5 = Olson | first5 = Arthur J. | last6 = Dickerson | first6 = Tobin J. | last7 = Janda | first7 = Kim D. | title = A molecular link between the active component of marijuana and Alzheimer's disease pathology| journal = Molecular Pharmaceutics| date = December 2006 | pmid = 17140265| pmc = 2562334}}</ref> * [[Carbamate]]s ** [[Physostigmine]] ** [[Neostigmine]] ** [[Pyridostigmine]] ** [[Ambenonium]] ** [[Demecarium]] ** [[Rivastigmine]] * [[Phenanthrene]] derivatives ** [[Galantamine]] * [[Caffeine]] – noncompetitive (also an [[Adenosine]] receptor antagonist)<ref name="Caffeine1991">{{Cite journal | last1 = Karadsheh | first1 = N | last2 = Kussiel | first2 = P | last3 = Linthicum | first3 = DS | title = Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by caffeine, anabasine, methyl pyrrolidine and their derivatives | journal = Toxicology letters | date = 1991 | volume = 55 | issue = 3 | pages = 335–42 | pmid = 2003276 | doi = 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90015-X }}</ref><ref name="Caffeine2014">{{Cite journal | last1 = Pohanka | first1 = M | title = The effects of caffeine on the cholinergic system. | journal = Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry | date = 2014 | volume = 14 | issue = 6 | pages = 543–549 | pmid = 24873820 | doi= 10.2174/1389557514666140529223436 | url= http://www.eurekaselect.com/122494/article }}</ref> * [[Rosmarinic acid]] - ester of [[Caffeic acid]]. Found in plants species of Lamiaceae family.<ref name="Lamiaceae2014">{{Cite journal | last1 = Vladimir-Knežević | first1 = Sanda | last2 = Blažeković | first2 = Biljana | last3 = Kindl | first3 = Marija | last4 = Vladić | first4 = Jelena | last5 = Lower-Nedza | first5 = Agnieszka D. | last6 = Brantner | first6 = Adelheid H. | title = Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory, Antioxidant and Phytochemical Properties of Selected Medicinal Plants of the Lamiaceae Family| journal = Molecules | date = Jan 9, 2014 | volume = 19 | issue = 1 | pages = 767–782 | pmid = 2003276 | doi = 10.3390/molecules19010767 | url = http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/1/767 }}</ref> * [[Alpha-Pinene]] - noncompetitive reversible<ref name="bicyclic2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Miyazawa | first1 = Mitsuo | last2 = Yamafuji | first2 = Chikako | title = Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity by bicyclic monoterpenoids | journal = Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | date = Mar 9, 2005 | volume = 53 | issue = 5 | pages = 1765–1768 | issn = 0021-8561 | pmid = 15740071 | doi = 10.1021/jf040019b | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15740071 }}</ref><ref name="salvia2000">{{Cite journal | last1 = Perry | first1 = Nicolette S.L. | last2 = Houghton | first2 = Peter J. | last3 = Theobald | first3 = Anthony | last4 = Jenner | first4 = Peter | last5 = Perry | first5 = Elaine K. | title = In-vitro Inhibition of Human Erythrocyte Acetylcholinesterase by Salvia lavandulaefolia Essential Oil and Constituent Terpenes | journal = Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology | date = Jul 1, 2000 | volume = 52 | issue = 7 | pages = 895–902 | issn = 2042-7158 | pmid = 10933142 | doi = 10.1211/0022357001774598 | url = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1211/0022357001774598/abstract }}</ref> * [[Piperidine]]s ** [[Donepezil]] * [[Tacrine]], also known as tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA') * [[Edrophonium]] * [[Huperzine A]]<ref>Bauer, Brent A. [http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/huperzine-a/AN02022 Alzheimer's disease]. mayoclinic.com</ref><ref name="Alzheimers1996">{{Cite journal | last1 = Wang | first1 = BS | last2 = Wang | first2 = H | last3 = Wei | first3 = ZH | last4 = Song | first4 = YY | last5 = Zhang | first5 = L | last6 = Chen | first6 = HZ | title = Efficacy and safety of natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitor huperzine A in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: an updated meta-analysis | journal = Journal of neural transmission | date = 2009 | volume = 116 | issue = 4 | pages = 457–465 | pmid = 19221692 | doi = 10.1007/s00702-009-0189-x }}</ref> * [[Ladostigil]] * [[Ungeremine]]<ref name="Nerine2004">{{Cite journal | last1 = Rhee | first1 = IK | last2 = Appels | first2 = N | last3 = Hofte | first3 = B | last4 = Karabatak | first4 = B | last5 = Erkelens | first5 = C | last6 = Stark | first6 = LM | last7 = Flippin | first7 = LA | last8 = Verpoorte | first8 = R | title = Isolation of the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Ungeremine from Nerine bowdenii by Preparative HPLC Coupled On-Line to a Flow Assay System | journal = Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin | date = Nov 2004 | volume = 27 | issue = 11 | pages = 1804–1809 | pmid = 15516727 | doi = 10.1248/bpb.27.1804 | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15516727 }}</ref> * [[Lactucopicrin]] === Examples of irreversible inhibitors=== Irreversible inhibitors can lead to muscular [[paralysis]], convulsion and death by asphyxiation. [[Organophosphate]]s, some [[insecticide]]s, and nerve gases for chemical warfare are examples of irreversible inhibitors.{{citation needed | date = 2022}}
Summary:
Please make sure your edits are consistent with
MEpedia's guidelines
.
By saving changes, you agree to the
Terms of use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 3.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
This page is a member of 2 hidden categories:
Category:All articles with unsourced statements
Category:Articles with unsourced statements from 2022
Navigation
Navigation
Skip to content
Main page
Browse
Become an editor
Random page
Popular pages
Abbreviations
Glossary
About MEpedia
Links for editors
Contents
Guidelines
Recent changes
Pages in need
Search
Help
Wiki tools
Wiki tools
Special pages
Page tools
Page tools
User page tools
More
What links here
Related changes
Page information
Page logs