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Encephalitis lethargica
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'''Encephalitis Lethargica''' or EL is an infectious disease that was first described by Dr Constantin von Economo in April 1917, and is sometimes referred to as "von Economo's disease". He defined the following different forms of the disease: somnolent-ophthalmoplegic, hyperkinetic, and amyostatic-akinetic. He also described postencephalitic Parkinsonism. Symptoms can emerge years after the original infection. The disease was defined by the following neuropathologic findings: "inflammatory changes in the tegmentum of the midbrain accounting for the sleep disturbance and ocular signs". <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal | last = Dickman | first = M.S. | author-link = | date = Oct 2001 | title = von Economo encephalitis |url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11594935|journal=[[Archives of Neurology]]|volume=58|issue=10 | pages = 1696–1698|issn=0003-9942|pmid=11594935|quote=|via=}}</ref> The Encephalitis Lethargica disease occurred at the same time and following the aftermath of the infamous Spanish Flu. The film "Awakenings", from 1990, described some patients with this disease. == Disease recognition == The [[International Classification of Diseases]] categorizes EL in the category A85.8 "Other specified viral encephalitis".<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/A85.8 | title = ICD-10 Version:2016 {{!}} A85.8 | last = World Health Organization | first = | authorlink = World Health Organization | date = |website=icd.who.int|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-04-07}}</ref> Encephalitis Lethargica has become much rarer over time, with the last study being published in 2012.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal | last = Vilensky | first = Joel A. | author-link = | last2 = Hoffman | first2 = Leslie A. | date = Aug 1, 2017 | title = Encephalitis lethargica: 100 years after the epidemic| url = https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/140/8/2246/3970828|journal=Brain|language=en|volume=140|issue=8 | pages = 2246–2251|doi=10.1093/brain/awx177|issn=0006-8950|quote=|via=}}</ref> ==Notable studies== *2001, ”von Economo encephalitis”<ref name=":0" /> *2017, Encephalitis lethargica: 100 years after the epidemic <ref name=":1" /> ==See also== *[[Immune system]] *[[Post-Ebola syndrome]] *[[Long COVID]] *[[Influenza]] *[[wikipedia:Spanish_flu|Spanish Flu]] *[[Ebola virus]] ==Learn more== *1925, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5lNVtUlroZc YouTube: Acute Encephalitis Lethargica] *1990, [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0099077/ iMDB: Awakenings] ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Diagnoses]] [[Category:Infectious diseases]] [[Category:Viruses]]
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