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Epstein-Barr virus
(section)
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===XMEN disease=== A 2014 study found chronic Epstein-Barr infection was linked to a magnesium transporter [[magnesium transporter 1|MAGT]] mutation.<ref name="MAGT1">{{Cite web | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/84061 | title = MAGT1 magnesium transporter 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = | website = NCBI|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2022-05-21}}</ref> Dysfunction in this transporter also resulted in decreased NK cell function, and neoplasia (sometimes-cancerous growths).<ref name="X-men_disease_1">{{Cite journal | last1 = Li | first1 = F.-Y. | author-link1 = | last2 = Chaigne-Delalande | first2 = B | authorlink2 = | last3 = Su | first3 = H | last4 = Matthews | first4 = H | last5 = Lenardo |first5 = M.J. | authorlink3 = | title = XMEN disease: a new primary immunodeficiency affecting Mg2+ regulation of immunity against Epstein-Barr virus. | journal =Blood| date = 2014| doi = 10.1182/blood-2013-11-538686| url = https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/123/14/2148/32463/XMEN-disease-a-new-primary-immunodeficiency|volume=123|issue=14 | pages = 2148–2152|pmc=|pmid=|quote=|via=}}</ref> This disorder, termed "XMEN" (for X-linked, EBV, and neoplasia) was identified as a recessive, X-linked disorder that would therefore be many times more common in men. Since chronic EBV infection has been associated with chronic fatigue syndrome, this error in [[magnesium]] transport may be worth considering in male patients, especially with slow onset and history of childhood infection.<ref name="X-men_disease_1" /><ref name="X-men_disease_2">{{Cite journal | title = X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein–Barr virus infection, and neoplasia disease: a combined immune deficiency with magnesium defect | date = Dec 2014| url = https://journals.lww.com/co-pediatrics/Abstract/2014/12000/X_linked_immunodeficiency_with_magnesium_defect,.16.aspx|journal=Current Opinion in Pediatrics|volume=26|issue=6 | pages = 713–719 | last = Ravell | first = Juan | author-link = | last2 = Chaigne-Delalande | first2 = Benjamin | authorlink2 = | last3 = Lenardo | first3 = Michael | authorlink3 = |language=en-US|doi=10.1097/MOP.0000000000000156|pmc=PMC4306042|pmid=25313976|access-date=|issn=1040-8703|quote=|via=}}</ref> However, in this disorder, EBV would be seen as an indicator of the illness rather than the cause.
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