Sarcoidosis

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Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease which is characterized by the accumulation of immune cells (activated T cells and macrophages) in various organs throughout the body, forming lumps called granulomas. Granulomas are most commonly found in the lungs and lymphatic system. The formation of granulomas is thought to be triggered by ongoing inflammation. Although the exact cause of sarcoidosis is unknown, many studies suggest that it is due to an exaggerated immune response.[1][2]

Clinical presentation

Early detection of sarcoidosis continues to be a challenge, because the signs and symptoms of sarcoidosis vary depending on the location of the granulomas. Many people show no signs or symptoms. General signs and symptoms include:

  • Fatigue
  • Fever
  • Malaise
  • Pain and swelling in the joints
  • Weight loss

People with sarcoidosis in the lungs may present with wheezing, unexplained cough, chest pain, or shortness of breath. If the granulomas affect other parts of the body, the clinical presentation will likely be related to those organs.

The signs and symptoms of sarcoidosis and the organs it affects.[3]

References

  1. "Sarcoidosis | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. Retrieved December 14, 2018.
  2. Nambiar, Anoop M.; Peters, Jay I.; Soto-Gomez, Natalia (May 15, 2016). "Diagnosis and Management of Sarcoidosis". American Family Physician. 93 (10): 840–848. ISSN 1532-0650.
  3. "Sarcoidosis | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. Retrieved December 14, 2018.