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Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
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==== Synthetic ==== * [[Rifxaimin]] is the most commonly used antibiotic used for SIBO treatment. It is effective on hydrogen producing bacteria, but not methane producing bacteria. Only a small percentage of the drug is absorbed by the body, and its activity is mostly limited to the small intestine. <ref name="Bures2010">{{Cite journal | last1 = Bures | first1 = Jan | last2 = Cyrany | first2 = Jiri | last3 = Kohoutova | first3 = Darina | last4 = FΓΆrstl | first4 = Miroslav | last5 = Rejchrt | first5 = Stanislav | last6 = Kvetina | first6 = Jaroslav | last7 = Vorisek | first7 = Viktor | last8 = Kopacova | first8 = Marcela | title = Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome | journal = World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG | volume = 16 | issue = 24| pages = 2978β2990 | date = Jun 28, 2010 | pmid = 20572300 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v16.i24.2978 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890937/ }}</ref> * [[Neomycin]] is sometimes given in addition to Rifaximin when methane-producing bacteria are present.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Low | first = Kimberly | last2 = Hwang | first2 = Laura | last3 = Hua | first3 = Johnson | last4 = Zhu | first4 = Amy | last5 = Morales | first5 = Walter | last6 = Pimentel | first6 = Mark | date = Sep 2010 | title = A combination of rifaximin and neomycin is most effective in treating irritable bowel syndrome patients with methane on lactulose breath test|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19996983|journal=Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology|volume=44|issue=8|pages=547β550|doi=10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181c64c90|issn=1539-2031|pmid=19996983}}</ref> However, one study comparing two herbal formulations to standard treatment found herbs to be as or more effect as antibiotics for eradicating SIBO.<ref name="Chedid2014">{{Cite journal | last1 = Chedid | first1 = Victor | last2 = Dhalla | first2 = Sameer | last3 = Clarke | first3 = John O | last4 = Roland | first4 = Bani Chander | last5 = Dunbar | first5 = Kerry B | last6 = Koh | first6 = Joyce | last7 = Justino | first7 = Edmundo | last8 = Tomakin | first8 = Eric | last9 = Mullin | first9 = Gerard E | title = Herbal Therapy Is Equivalent to Rifaximin for the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth | journal = Global Advances in Health and Medicine | volume = 3 | issue = 3| pages = 16β24 | date = May 2014 | pmid = 24891990 | doi = 10.7453/gahmj.2014.019 | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4030608/ }}</ref> * [[Metronidazole]]
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