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Leorey Saligan
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==Controversy== In a very small uncontrolled study (n = 9) exploring the relationship between [[gene expression]] and [[pain catastrophizing]] in fibromyalgia, Saligan and his co-authors used a score of 16 on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale as the threshold for determination of "high catastrophizing".<ref>[http://www.nursingoutlook.org/article/S0029-6554%2813%2900062-6/fulltext/ Gene expression profiles of fatigued fibromyalgia patients with different categories of pain and catastrophizing: A preliminary report]</ref> That is in stark contrast with the threshold of 30 recommended by the scale's creators to indicate a "clinically relevant level of catastrophizing," and a mean score for 851 injured workers was 20.90.<ref>[http://sullivan-painresearch.mcgill.ca/pdf/pcs/PCSManual_English.pdf The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: User Manual]</ref> Even the high catastrophizing subgroup (n = 5) in the study averaged a pain catastrophizing score of only 23.6, well below the recommended threshold. The authors concluded that "specific physiological pathways may possibly delineate pain and catastrophizing mechanisms."
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