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Cocktail party phenomena
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"The '''cocktail party effect''' or '''cocktail party phenomena''' is a term for [the] well-established phenomena of '''selective attention''' - the way that individuals are able to monitor unattended information subconsciously, such that they pick up highly sensitive information (e.g. their own name) even when attending to entirely different stimuli, and when they are unaware of the rest of the unattended message." (Hayes & Stratton, 2017)<ref name="Dictionary">{{Cite book | title = A Student's Dictionary of Psychology and Neuroscience| pages=|isbn=978-1-351-80318-2|edition=|volume=|language=en| title-link = | url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=laQzDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PT112&pg=PT112#v=onepage&q&f=true|access-date= | date = 2017-09-01| publisher = Routledge | last = Hayes | first = Nicky | authorlink = | last2 = Stratton | first2 = Peter | author-link2 = |veditors=|others=|doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=|location=|editor-last = |editor-first = | editor1-link = |editor-last2 = |editor-first2 = }}</ref> ==Selective attention to sound== {{Quote box|quote=“How do we recognize what one person is saying when others are speaking at the same time?” With this question, E. Colin Cherry defined the “Cocktail Party Problem” six decades ago (Cherry, 1953).|source= ―Lee, Larson, Maddox & Shinn-Cunningham (2014)<ref name="Lee2014" /> | title = The Cocktail Party Problem}} ==Symptom recognition == Cocktail party phenomena is recognized in combination with hyperacusis in the [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]] for [[ME/CFS]], but is not part of the diagnostic criteria.<ref name="canadianconsensus-CCC">{{Citation | last1 = Carruthers | first1 = Bruce M. | author-link1 = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = Jain | first2 = Anil Kumar | author-link2 = Anil Kumar Jain | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = Kenny L. | author-link3 = Kenny De Meirleir | last4 =Peterson | first4 = Daniel L. | author-link4 = Daniel Peterson | last5 = Klimas | first5 = Nancy G. | author-link5 = Nancy Klimas | last6 = Lerner | first6 = A. Martin | author-link6 = Martin Lerner | last7 =Bested | first7 = Alison C. | author-link8 = Alison Bested | last8 = Flor-Henry | first8 = Pierre | author-link8 = Pierre Flor-Henry | last9 = Joshi | first9 = Pradip | author-link9 = Pradip Joshi | last10 = Powles | first10 = AC Peter | author-link10 = A C Peter Powles | last11 = Sherkey | first11 = Jeffrey A. | author-link11 = Jeffrey Sherkey | last12 = van de Sande | first12 = Marjorie I. | author-link12 = Marjorie van de Sande| title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical Working Case Definition, Diagnostic and Treatment Protocols| journal = Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | pages = 7-115 | date = 2003 | pmid = | doi = 10.1300/J092v11n01_02| url = http://www.investinme.org/Documents/PDFdocuments/CanadianDefinitionME-CFS.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Lee2014">{{Cite journal | last = Lee | first = Adrian KC | authorlink = | last2 = Larson | first2 = Eric | author-link2 = | last3 = Maddox | first3 = Ross K | author-link3 = | last4 = Shinn-Cunningham | first4 = Barbara G | author-link4 = | date = Jan 2014 | title = Using neuroimaging to understand the cortical mechanisms of auditory selective attention | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3844039/ | journal = Hearing research|volume=307 | issue = | pages = 10.1016/j.heares.2013.06.010|doi=10.1016/j.heares.2013.06.010|issn=0378-5955|pmc=3844039|pmid=23850664|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref> Hyperacusis and the cocktail party phenomena are grouped together as visual and auditory disturbances in the [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]], along with: * photophobia * visual changes or eye pain * double, blurred or wavy vision * dry or itchy eyes * tinnitus–buzzing or ringing in ears<ref name="canadianconsensus-CCC" /> The newer [[International Consensus Criteria]] for [[myalgic encephalomyelitis|ME]] does not to the cocktail party effect, but does include the following as a neurocognitive symptom in the diagnostic criteria: * '''[[Difficulty processing information]]: slowed thought, [[impaired concentration]]''' Examples given include [[cognitive overload]]. While hyperacusis is not mentioned, [[Hyperacusis|sensitivity to noise]] is one of the examples of ''neurosensory, perceptual and motor disturbances''.<ref name="ICC2011primer">{{citation | last1 = Carruthers | first1 = BM | author-link1 = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = van de Sande | first2 = MI | author-link2 = Marjorie van de Sande | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = KL | author-link3 = Kenny de Meirleir | last4 = Klimas | first4 = NG | author-link4 = Nancy Klimas | last5 = Broderick | first5 = G | author-link5 = Gordon Broderick | last6 = Mitchell | first6 = T | author-link6 = Terry Mitchell | last7 = Staines | first7 = D | author-link8 = Donald Staines | last8 = Powles | first8 = ACP | author-link8 = A C Peter Powles | last9 = Speight | first9 = N | author-link9 = Nigel Speight | last10 = Vallings | first10 = R | author-link10 = Rosamund Vallings | last11 = Bateman | first11 = L | author-link11 = Lucinda Bateman | last12 = Bell | first12 = DS | author-link12 = David Bell | last13 = Carlo-Stella | first13 = N | author-link13 = Nicoletta Carlo-Stella | last14 = Chia | first14 = J | author-link14 = John Chia | last15 = Darragh | first15 = A | author-link15 = Austin Darragh | last16 = Gerken | first16 = A | author-link16 = Anne Gerken | last17 = Jo | first17 = D | author-link17 = Daehyun Jo | last18 = Lewis | first18 = DP | author-link18 = Donald Lewis | last19 = Light | first19 = AR | author-link19 = Alan Light | last20 = Light | first20 = KC | author-link20 = Kathleen Light | last21 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first21 = S | author-link21 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik | last22 = McLaren-Howard | first22 = J | author-link22 = John McLaren-Howard | last23 = Mena | first23 = I | author-link23 = Ismael Mena | last24 = Miwa | first24 = K | author-link24 = Kunihisa Miwa | last25 = Murovska | first25 = M | author-link25= Modra Murovska | last26 = Stevens | first26 = SR | author-link26 = Staci Stevens | title = Myalgic encephalomyelitis: Adult & Paediatric: International Consensus Primer for Medical Practitioners | date = 2012| isbn = 978-0-9739335-3-6 | url = http://www.investinme.org/Documents/Guidelines/Myalgic%20Encephalomyelitis%20International%20Consensus%20Primer%20-2012-11-26.pdf}}</ref> ==See also == *[[Neurology of ME/CFS]] *[[Neuroinflammation]] *[[Hyperacusis]] ==Learn more == *[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3844039/ Using neuroimaging to understand the cortical mechanisms of auditory selective attention (2014)] - pubmed ==References == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Aural signs and symptoms]] [[Category:Cognitive signs and symptoms]] [[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
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