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Poliovirus
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== Relationship to myalgic encephalomyelitis == Prior to the poliovirus vaccine, several [[List of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome outbreaks|outbreaks]] of what later came to be called [[myalgic encephalomyelitis]] coincided with confirmed outbreaks of [[poliomyelitis]] including the [[1934 Los Angeles atypical polio outbreak|1934 Los Angeles outbreak]], the [[1948-49 Akureyri outbreak|1948 Akureyri, Iceland outbreak]], and 1949 outbreak in [[1949-53 Adelaide outbreak|Adelaide, Australia]]. Many outbreaks were initially misinterpreted as clusters of [[poliomyelitis]] or [[abortive poliomyelitis]], hence one of [[myalgic encephalomyelitis|ME]]'s earliest names, [[atypical polio]]. It is not known whether there is a direct relationship between polio outbreaks and ME or if outbreaks of ME were more likely to be reported when public health authorities were already mobilized for an earlier crisis. No serological evidence of polio was ever found in these outbreaks and the ultimate pattern of the outbreaks differed in significant ways, chief among them, the tendency to affect adults rather than children, and to result in higher [[morbidity]] than poliomyelitis but no [[mortality]].<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal | last = Parish | first = JG | date = 1978| title = Early outbreaks of 'epidemic neuromyasthenia'|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/370810|journal=Postgraduate Medical Journal|volume=54 | pages = 711-7|via=}}</ref> Findings in several outbreaks seemed to suggest that symptoms were caused by an [[enterovirus]] distinct from but related to polio including findings of mild, diffuse [[peripheral nervous system]] damage in monkeys infected with the virus; a stronger response to polio vaccination in children who had been in epidemic areas; and seasonal patterns of infection resembling polio.<ref name=":02" />
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