Benzodiazepine: Difference between revisions
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'''Benzodiazepines''' or '''''benzos''''' are a class of perscription-only drugs that slow down the body and brain's functions. Benzodiazepines gamma increase the effects of [[gamma-aminobutyric acid]] (GABA), | '''Benzodiazepines''' or '''''benzos''''' are a class of perscription-only drugs that slow down the body and brain's functions. Benzodiazepines gamma increase the effects of [[gamma-aminobutyric acid]] (GABA),causing relaxation and sleepiness, and affecting reasoning, [[Memory problems|memory]], emotions | ||
and basic bodily functions like breathing.<ref name="webmd"/><ref name="mind"/> | and basic bodily functions like breathing.<ref name="webmd"/><ref name="mind"/> | ||
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* As a [[muscle relaxant]], e.g. for painful [[muscle spasm]]s | * As a [[muscle relaxant]], e.g. for painful [[muscle spasm]]s | ||
* To cause amnesia for uncomfortable medical procedures | * To cause amnesia for uncomfortable medical procedures | ||
* Benzodiazepines are often given before [[anesthetic]]s<ref name="webmd">{{Cite web | * Benzodiazepines are often given before [[anesthetic]]s<ref name="webmd">{{Cite web | url = https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/benzodiazepine-abuse | title = Benzodiazepine Abuse | website = WebMD|language=en | access-date = 2022-03-10}}</ref><ref name="mind">{{Cite web | url = https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/drugs-and-treatments/sleeping-pills-and-minor-tranquillisers/about-benzodiazepines/ | title = What are benzodiazepines? | website = Mind|language=en | access-date = 2022-03-10}}</ref> | ||
==List of benzodiazepines == | ==List of benzodiazepines == | ||
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! Generic name !! Brand !! Notes | ! Generic name !! Brand !! Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | [[Alprazolam]] || Niravam | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Alprazolam]] || Versed | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Alprazolam]] || Xanax, Xanax XR | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Chlordiazepoxide]] || Librium | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Clonazepam]] || Klonopin | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Clorazepate]] || Tranxene | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Diazepam]] || Valium | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Diazepam]] || Zetran | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Estazolam]] || Prosom | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Flurazepam]] || Dalmane | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Lorazepam]] || Ativan | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Lorazepam]] || Loreev XR || | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Midazolam]] || Nayzilam | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Midazolam]] || Seizalam | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Oxazepam]] || Serax | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Quazepam]] || Doral | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Remimazolam]] || Byfavo | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Temazepam]] || Restoril | | | ||
|- || | |- || | ||
| | | | [[Triazolam]] || Halcion | |<ref name="brands">{{Cite web | url = https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/benzodiazepines.html?condition_id=0&generic=1&sort=drug&order=asc#filterSection | title = List of Common Benzodiazepines + Uses & Side Effects | website = drugs.com|language=en | access-date = 2022-03-10}}</ref> | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 01:57, March 9, 2023
Benzodiazepines or benzos are a class of perscription-only drugs that slow down the body and brain's functions. Benzodiazepines gamma increase the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA),causing relaxation and sleepiness, and affecting reasoning, memory, emotions and basic bodily functions like breathing.[1][2]
Uses[edit | edit source]
Benzodiazepines are psychiatric drugs with many different users including:
- anxiety
- panic attacks and panic disorders,
- insomnia and difficulty staying asleep
- Alcohol withdrawal
- To control seizures
- As a muscle relaxant, e.g. for painful muscle spasms
- To cause amnesia for uncomfortable medical procedures
- Benzodiazepines are often given before anesthetics[1][2]
List of benzodiazepines[edit | edit source]
| Generic name | Brand | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Alprazolam | | | |
| Alprazolam | | | |
| Alprazolam | | | |
| Chlordiazepoxide | | | |
| Clonazepam | | | |
| Clorazepate | | | |
| Diazepam | | | |
| Diazepam | | | |
| Estazolam | | | |
| Flurazepam | | | |
| Lorazepam | | | |
| Lorazepam | Loreev XR | |
| Midazolam | | | |
| Midazolam | | | |
| Oxazepam | | | |
| Quazepam | | | |
| Remimazolam | | | |
| Temazepam | | | |
| Triazolam | |[3] |
Differences[edit | edit source]
- Ultra-short acting - Midazolam (Versed), triazolam (Halcion)
- Short-acting - alprazolam (Xanax), lorazepam (Ativan)
- Long-acting - chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium), clonazepam (Klonopin)[2][2]
Theory[edit | edit source]
Evidence[edit | edit source]
Clinicians[edit | edit source]
Risks and safety[edit | edit source]
Benzodiazepines carry a significant risk of addiction, including in patients without a history of substance use disorders.[2]
Costs and availability[edit | edit source]
Available on perscription only
See also[edit | edit source]
Learn more[edit | edit source]
- Benzodiazepine Abuse Basics - WebMD
- What are benzodiazepines? - Mind
- List of Common Benzodiazepines + Uses & Side Effects - drugs.com
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Benzodiazepine Abuse". WebMD. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "What are benzodiazepines?". Mind. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
- ↑ "List of Common Benzodiazepines + Uses & Side Effects". drugs.com. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
