Copper

From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history

Copper is an essential trace dietary mineral. Copper works with iron to help the body form red blood cells. It also helps keep the blood vessels, nerves, immune system, and bones healthy. Copper also aids in iron absorption. Copper is a cofactor for diamine oxidase, an enzyme that breaks down histamine, a chemical released by mast cells. Copper deficiency is associated with increased tryptase[1], a marker of mast cell activation. And it is also necessary for creating collagen. Lysyl oxidase is an extracellular copper-dependent enzyme that acts on lysines and hydroxylysines to crosslink collagen and elastin, which is essential for stabilization of collagen fibrils and for the integrity and elasticity of mature elastin.[citation needed]

Copper deficiency[edit | edit source]

  • Overconsumption of zinc can interfere with the absorption of copper. This imbalance can contribute to the development of coronary heart disease.[2]
  • Copper deficiency (along with zinc and manganese) can contribute to oxidative stress. However, excessive levels of copper and manganese may do the same.[3]
  • Copper deficiency may reduce calcium absorption[4]

Clinical use[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

Learn more[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. Öhrvik, Helena; Pejler, Gunnar; Kaler, Stephen G.; Kjellén, Lena; Frisk, Jun Mei Hu (December 15, 2017). "Copper Regulates Maturation and Expression of an MITF:Tryptase Axis in Mast Cells". The Journal of Immunology. 199 (12): 4132–4141. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1700786. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 29127151.
  2. Klevay, L M (July 1972). "Coronary heart disease: the zinc/copper hypothesis". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 28 (7): 764–774. doi:10.1093/ajcn/28.7.764. ISSN 0002-9165.
  3. Verillo, Erica (March 26, 2013). "The Pall Protocol for Treating CFS/ME - Prohealth". Prohealth. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. Johnson, Larry E. "Copper - Disorders of Nutrition - MSD Manual Consumer Version". MSD Manual Consumer Version. Retrieved November 17, 2018.